Science and Technology
Space Debris Problem Grows as Surveillance Networks Track 40,000 Orbital Objects
February 20, 2026
Summary
Space agencies are monitoring approximately 40,000 objects orbiting Earth, but only about 11,000 are functioning satellites. Experts estimate the actual debris count may exceed 1.2 million objects larger than one centimeter.
Key Facts
- Only 11,000 of 40,000 tracked orbital objects are active payloads
- Estimated 1.2 million debris objects larger than one centimeter exist in orbit
- Debris traveling at orbital speeds can cause catastrophic damage on impact
Context
Space debris consists of defunct satellites, spent rocket stages, and fragments from orbital collisions. According to the European Space Agency, the majority of tracked objects are classified as space junk rather than operational equipment.
The concern extends beyond simple counting. Objects larger than one centimeter traveling at orbital velocities can cause catastrophic damage on impact with functioning spacecraft or space stations. Experts have called for improved regulation and surveillance of space debris as commercial and government launches continue to increase the orbital population.